What Are Peak Value, Average Value, and RMS Values in AC Circuits? Formulas, Derivations & Examples
If you are studying electrical engineering or working with alternating current (AC) circuits, three terms will come up again and […]
Basics
Induction Motors
Shaded Pole Induction Motors: Construction, Working Principle, Applications, Advantages and Disadvantages
Shaded pole induction motors are among the simplest types of single-phase AC motors found in electrical engineering applications. These motors
Testing and Commissioning
Testing of Differential Protection Relay: Stability Test, Pickup Test, Slope Test, & Harmonic Blocking
Differential protection relays are the primary protective devices used for power transformers, generators, busbars, and large motors in electrical power
Testing and Commissioning
Testing of Distance Protection Relay: Zone 1, 2, 3 Testing, SOTF, Power Swing Blocking, and VT Fuse Fail
Distance protection relays are the primary protective devices used in high voltage transmission lines across power systems worldwide. These relays
Testing and Commissioning
Testing of Directional Overcurrent and Earth Fault Relay: Step by Step Test Procedure with Practical Example
Protection relays form the backbone of power system safety. Among various protection schemes, directional overcurrent and earth fault relays hold
Protective Devices
Circuit Breaker Vs Fuse: Working Principle, Types, Applications, Advantages & Disadvantages
Electrical protection devices play a major role in keeping our homes, offices, and industrial facilities safe from electrical hazards. When
Protective Devices
What is Transient Recovery Voltage (TRV)? Formula, Causes, Effects, Standards, and Solutions
When a circuit breaker opens to interrupt a fault current in a power system, the voltage across the breaker contacts
Testing and Commissioning
What is the Dielectric Absorption Index and Polarization Index Test? Step by Step Procedure, Formulas & Examples
When working with electrical machines and equipment, testing the condition of insulation is one of the most important tasks an
Basics
Ohm’s Law: Formula, Triangle, Series & Parallel Circuits, Example Calculations, Ohmic & Non-Ohmic Materials & Applications
Ohm’s Law is one of the first and most important concepts that every electrical engineering student must learn. This simple
Basics
Electric Charge & Current: Definition, Working, Types, Applications, Drift Velocity & Ohms Law
Electric charge and electric current are the two of the most fundamental quantities in electrical engineering and applied physics. Without
Protective Devices
Tripping Characteristics of Circuit Breaker: Types, Time-Current Curves, Testing Methods & Examples
The Tripping Characteristics of a Circuit Breaker is the specific behavior pattern that defines when and how a circuit breaker
Protective Devices
Interrupting Capacity of a Circuit Breaker: Definitions, Calculations, Standards, Testing, and Selection Criteria
The maximum amount of fault current that a circuit breaker can safely interrupt without getting damaged is called the Interrupting
Electrical Machines
Difference Between Synchronous Motor and Asynchronous Motor: Working Principle, Construction, Speed, Efficiency
Electric motors are the backbone of modern industrial and domestic applications. From running ceiling fans to powering heavy machinery in
Electrical Machines
Difference Between Squirrel Cage and Slip Ring Induction Motor: Construction, Starting, Efficiency, Applications
Induction motors are the backbone of industrial automation and power systems with approximately 90% of all industrial motors being three-phase
Protective Devices
Rated Peak Withstand Current of a Circuit Breaker: Definition, Calculation, IEC Standards & Testing Procedure
When selecting a circuit breaker for any electrical installation engineers must evaluate several current ratings. One of the most important
Protective Devices
Rated Short-Time Withstand Current of a Circuit Breaker: Definition, Importance, Standards & Testing
Circuit breakers are designed to protect electrical systems from damage during fault conditions. When a short circuit occurs in an
Protective Devices
Minimum Oil Circuit Breaker (MOCB): Construction, Working Principle, Types, Advantages, Applications & Testing
Circuit breakers play a major role in protecting electrical power systems from faults and abnormal conditions. Among the various types
Protective Devices
Air Circuit Breaker: Working Principle, Types, Construction, Ratings, Specifications, Characteristics & Applications
An Air Circuit Breaker is one of the most widely used protective devices in electrical power systems. This type of
Protective Devices
Vacuum Circuit Breaker (VCB): Working Principle, Types, Ratings, Specifications, Advantages, & Applications
A Vacuum Circuit Breaker (VCB) is an electrical switching device that uses vacuum as the arc quenching medium. The vacuum
Household Appliances
Why Is My Air Conditioner Tripping the Circuit Breaker? Causes, Troubleshooting & Easy Fixes
Few things are more frustrating than your air conditioner shutting off on a hot summer day because it keeps tripping
Motor Protection
Motor Protection Circuit Breaker (MPCB): Working Principle, Types, Components, Ratings & Applications
Electric motors are the backbone of industrial operations. They power pumps, compressors, conveyors, and countless other machines. However, motors face
Protective Devices
The Importance of Current Zero in Circuit Breaker Interruption and How Breakers Use this for Arc Extinction
In AC power systems, circuit breakers and other switching devices rely on a natural phenomenon called current zero to successfully
Basics, Protective Devices
DC vs AC MCB: Can AC MCB be Used for DC Circuits? Differences, Applications and Standards
A Miniature Circuit Breaker (commonly known as MCB) is an automatic switching device that protects electrical circuits from damage caused
Basics, Protective Devices
Arc Fault Circuit Interrupter (AFCI): Working Principle, Types, Installation & Testing
An Arc Fault Circuit Interrupter, commonly known as AFCI is a specialized electrical safety device designed to protect homes and
Basics, Protective Devices
Residual Current Breaker with Overcurrent (RCBO): Working Principle, Types, Specifications, Installation and Applications
An RCBO, which stands for Residual Current Breaker with Overcurrent is a protective device used in electrical installations. This device
Tools and Equipments
Best MCB for 1.5 Ton AC: Top 5 Picks for Safe Cooling in 2026
Installing an air conditioner is a big investment for any home. A 1.5 ton AC can transform your living space
News and Trends
Why Your Next EV Battery Might Be Made of Sodium, Not Lithium
For the last decade, the electric vehicle revolution has been powered by one element: Lithium. Dubbed “white gold,” it has
Basics
Ground Fault Circuit Interrupter (GFCI): Working Principle, Circuit Diagram, Types, Specifications & Installation Procedures
A Ground Fault Circuit Interrupter commonly known as GFCI, is a protective device designed to prevent electrical shocks and electrocution.
Protective Devices
Difference Between MCB and MCCB: Working, Applications, Ratings, Breaking Capacity & Selection Criteria
Circuit breakers are the backbone of electrical protection systems in homes, commercial buildings, and industrial facilities. Among the various types
Basics
What is a Circuit Breaker? Working Principle, Types, Components, Ratings, Applications, Installation & Testing
Circuit breakers are one of the most essential protective devices in electrical engineering. They serve as the primary protector of